Welcome back to another instalment of Making Her Mark! I’m joined by Rebecca Budd, curator of Chasing Art to discuss how the poor were documented, by female artists.

Resa – Welcome back, Rebecca! As you point out in your introduction, times were changing. Do you have a main take away from your research?

Rebecca – Thank you for the opportunity to participate in this amazing look back into art history, Resa. One key takeaway from my research is how Geertruydt Roghman, Catherine Brandinn, and Maria Louisa Catherine Cecilia Cosway used their artwork to honour the ordinary moments of life. I was inspired by how these artists challenged societal norms and created space for the voices of the underrepresented.

Resa – We’ve had many amazing sisters. Well, let’s have a look at these 3, with art as our window.

16th Century

In the sixteenth century, change was in the air. Northern Europe witnessed a significant cultural shift as the Protestant movement emerged, challenging the established norms of the Catholic Church. This movement advocated for a personal connection with God, eliminating the need for church intercession.

Art responded. Religious imagery became less prominent, as the focus shifted away from traditional depictions of saints and biblical scenes. This transference in artistic focus not only reflects the broader societal changes brought about by the Protestant Reformation but also underscores the importance of recognizing the value of everyday experiences in art.

17th and 18th Century

During the 17th and 18th centuries, the art world was dominated by the portrayal of aristocracy and religious themes, leaving little room for the representation of ordinary people. The prevailing social hierarchy and the patronage system dictated that artists primarily catered to wealthy patrons who commissioned works that glorified their status and achievements. This resulted in a paucity of artworks focusing on the lives and experiences of the common populace, who were often relegated to the background of grand historical or mythological scenes.

Geertruydt Roghman

Dutch – 1625 – 1657

Geetruydt Roghman was born in Amsterdam into a family steeped in artistic tradition. Her upbringing in a creative household, with a father who was an engraver and a great uncle who was a celebrated painter, likely influenced her perspective on art.

A Pioneering Figure

Artists began to explore new themes that reflected the everyday lives of individuals, leading to a rich tapestry of subjects that resonated with the public. Geetruydt Roghman dedicated her work to depicting ordinary women engaged in their daily tasks. Her series not only showcased the realities of their lives but also contributed to a broader understanding of women’s roles in society during the seventeenth century.

Despite her limited output, Geetruydt Roghman’s work offers a glimpse into the lives of women, challenging the norms of her time and highlighting the importance of their stories. This marks her as a pioneering figure in a time when few artists chose to highlight the experiences of women. .

Celebrating Geetruydt Roghman’s Art

Exploring Geetruydt Roghman’s engravings on paper allows us to connect with the essence of humanity, as they capture the nuances of everyday life and the stories of real people who lived before us. These sketches serve as a mirror reflecting our shared experiences, emotions, and struggles, reminding us of the beauty found in simplicity.

I believe that Geetruydt Roghman invites us to appreciate the beauty and significance of the ordinary, enriching the narrative of art history.

Resa – Amazing art history, Rebecca. Now, on to Catherine Brandinn! You had some difficulty gathering information about her. For a while it looked like all we were going to have to remember her by was her art. Then you discovered Johann Christian Brand‘s name appears alongside hers, which seems to muddy the waters. Do you think this is another case of the disenfranchisement of women in the arts?

Rebecca – I was fascinated by the connection between Catherine Brandinn and Johann Christian Brand, which highlights the complex interplay of gender and recognition in the art world. Without question, Catherine Brandinn’s artistic legacy has often been overshadowed by the presence of Johann Christian Brand, whose name frequently appears alongside hers.

This phenomenon raises important questions about the historical disenfranchisement of women in the arts. The association of Johann with Catherine could suggest a similar pattern, where her identity and artistic achievements are overshadowed by his prominence.

However, I believe that there may be another explanation. Consider that Johann Christian Brand’s recognition may have been a means of validating Catherine’s work. In a time when female artists struggled for acknowledgment, the inclusion of a well-known male figure could lend credibility to her art. Consequently, while Johann’s association with Catherine may complicate her legacy, it could also provide a platform for her art to gain the recognition it deserves.

Resa – You make a good point how difficult it was for women to be recognized in the arts. We may never know of Johann Christian Brand’s intent. However, her art is remembering her, not him.

Catherine Brandinn

Austrian? 18th century

The history of painting has predominantly celebrated the lives of the elite and significant events, often neglecting the stories of ordinary people. This selective representation raises questions about the value placed on different experiences and the narratives that have shaped our understanding of the past. The absence of everyday moments in art suggests a hierarchy of importance, where only the lives of the wealthy and powerful are deemed worthy of immortalization on canvas.

If painters had chosen to depict ordinary moments, our historical narrative would be richer and more inclusive. Imagine a world where scenes of daily life, community gatherings, and simple joys were captured alongside royal portraits and grand battles. Such representations would not only provide a more comprehensive view of society but also highlight the shared human experience, fostering a deeper connection to our collective history.

The transition in art from religious themes and the portrayal of affluent patrons to the representation of ordinary people began during the Renaissance and continued into the Baroque period. This shift marked a significant change in the subject matter of paintings, as artists started to explore the lives of the common man, and the beauty found in everyday activities. The rise of humanism encouraged artists to focus on individual experiences and emotions, leading to a more relatable and accessible form of art that resonated with a broader audience.

Catherine Brandinn portrayed ordinary people, capturing the essence of everyday life through her unique artistic lens. Her work often reflects a deep appreciation for the beauty found in the mundane, showcasing individuals engaged in daily activities. Her name is intricately linked to artist, Johann Christian Brand. This connection raises questions about her identity and the role this artist played in her life. When the artwork of Catherine Brandinn is viewed, Johann Christian’s name often appears alongside hers, suggesting that her narrative is largely defined through her relationship with this artist. This intertwining of identities hints at a deeper story waiting to be uncovered.

Catherine Brandinn’s painting, “Mädel mit Waldholz (Peasant Girl Carrying Wood),” created in 1775, captures a poignant moment in rural life. The artwork portrays a young peasant girl, her delicate frame burdened by a large bundle of wood, symbolizing the labour and resilience of women in agrarian societies. Catherine Brandinn’s use of soft colours in her engravings on paper evokes a sense of warmth and intimacy, inviting us to appreciate the girl’s strength and determination amidst her modest surroundings. The composition of the painting draws attention to the girl’s expression, which reflects a mixture of pride and fatigue.

Resa – So Rebecca, we move on to Maria Louisa Catherine Cecilia Cosway.  You mentioned that in researching Maria Louisa Cosway, you saw lots of her artwork, but not this one particular work Home Industry, that showed at “Making Her Mark”. Do you think I’m crazy to think that we have something special here?

Rebecca – I don’t think you’re crazy at all, Resa. I am beyond thrilled that you were able to capture Home Industry in a photo. You have an amazing ability to find art treasures wherever you go!! Home Industry” is a gem!!

Maria Louisa Catherine Cecilia Cosway

English – 1760 – 1838

Maria Louisa Catherine Cecilia Cosway, an accomplished artist of the late 18th and early 19th centuries, was known for her diverse portfolio that included both prominent figures and ordinary individuals. Born in 1760 in Florence, Italy, she moved to England where she became a prominent portrait painter. Her ability to portray significant historical figures speaks to her talent and the esteem in which she was held in artistic circles.

A Progressive Artist

Maria Cosway’s artistry extended beyond the elite, as she sought to represent the lives of everyday people in her work. This inclination towards inclusivity allowed her to bridge the gap between different social classes, showcasing the beauty and dignity of ordinary life. Through her artwork, she celebrated the humanity of her subjects, making her art accessible and relatable to a broader audience. This commitment to portraying a diverse array of individuals marked her as a progressive artist for her time.

Home Industry tells a story of resilience and the quiet strength found within the home, serving as a reminder of the essential work that occurs beyond the public eye. Through her portrayal, she elevates the mundane to the extraordinary, encouraging us to recognize and honour the stories woven into the tapestry of domestic labour. It is a nostalgic reminder of a time when craftsmanship flourished within the domestic sphere, emphasizing the value of handmade goods and the skills passed down through generations.

We are invited to reflect on the importance of labour in a rapidly changing world and consider the implications of progress on the cultural fabric of society. During the late 18th and early 19th centuries, when Maria Cosway created this piece, the landscape of work was undergoing significant transformation due to the onset of industrialization.

Home Industry also speaks to our time in history and is a relevant reflection on the balance between innovation and tradition.

Resa – Wow! Thank you Rebecca! Your co-hosting here on the “Making Her Mark” series has made it a much richer experience. Still, there’s lots to go. May I be allowed to try and tempt you to co-host another time, no rush, just sometime in the future? I have some juicy topics and artists I can present to you!

Rebecca– Hi Resa! Thank you so much for your kind words! I’ve truly enjoyed co-hosting the “Making Her Mark” series with you, and I would love to collaborate again in the future. Your topics and artist suggestions sound exciting, and I can’t wait to hear more about them. Let’s definitely keep the conversation going!

Resa – Yahoo! You know Rebecca, we might just be artoholics!

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Photos taken by & © Resa McConaghy – May 14, 2024

Art Gallery of Ontario, Toronto, Canada